Omics is a Greek suffix referring to the total study of a single biological molecule.

Genomics refers to the study of the DNA sequence. It involves problems in identifying the sequence of the DNA, assembling short DNA reads into a long target sequence, identifying variations short and long in the genome, finding motifs, among other problems.

Transcriptomics involves measurement of the expressed RNA molecules and often probed using microarrays (e.g., Affymetrix) or next-gen sequencing (e.g., RNA-seq).

Epigenomics means "beyond" genomics and deals with changes in the DNA that are not observed in its sequence content. Most popular is the methylation patterns on the genome that lead to significant functional alterations.